First trimester of pregnancy: what you need to know

The first trimester of pregnancy is the period covering the first 12 weeks after conception. It is one of the most important and at the same time vulnerable stages for the expectant mother and fetus. During this time, the formation of the baby's major organs and systems occurs, as well as serious changes in the mother's body, which can cause a variety of physical and emotional reactions.

Fetal development

The first few weeks of pregnancy are critical for the development of the fetus. Here's what happens at different stages:

• 1-2 weeks: After conception, the egg travels through the fallopian tubes and implants in the uterus. At this time, the placenta and the first cells that will later form the baby begin to form.

• 3-4 weeks: The formation of major tissues and organs begins: the heart, nervous system, limbs and eyes. The heart is already starting to beat, although it can only be heard at later stages.

• 5-6 weeks: At this time, it is already possible to determine whether there is a heartbeat through ultrasound. Hands, feet, and digestive organs are forming.

• 7-8 weeks: The fetus takes on the appearance of a small person. You can already see the details of the face, ears, nasal passages, and eyes begin to develop.

• 9-12 weeks: The genitals are developing, muscles and bones are forming. The fetus already looks like a little man, and it can be observed during ultrasound examinations.

Changes in the mother's body

Pregnancy causes numerous changes in a woman's body, particularly at the hormonal level. This can affect the well-being and emotional state of the expectant mother.

• Hormonal changes: Increased hormone levels, particularly progesterone, help maintain the pregnancy. This can cause fatigue, nausea, and even changes in emotional state.

• Toxicosis: Most women experience morning sickness in the first trimester, which manifests itself in nausea, vomiting, and sensitivity to odors. Usually, morning sickness lasts until 12-14 weeks.

• Breast augmentation: Your breasts may become sore and increase in size. This is due to increased blood flow and the body's preparation for breastfeeding.

• Mood swings: High hormone levels can cause mood swings. A woman may feel anxious, happy, or stressed.

Source: freepik

Risks and importance of medical examinations

The first trimester is the period when the risk of miscarriage is highest. Therefore, it is important to have regular medical check-ups:

• Ultrasound examination: It helps to make sure that the fetus is developing properly and also to determine the gestational age.

• Blood tests: A test for the level of hCG (human chorionic gonadotropin) and other hormones helps the doctor assess the health of the woman and her baby.

• Doctor's advice: During the first trimester, a woman must follow certain recommendations regarding nutrition, physical activity, and lifestyle.

Nutrition and lifestyle

Proper nutrition and a healthy lifestyle are extremely important in the first trimester:

• Balanced diet: A pregnant woman needs to consume more vitamins, minerals, as well as protein and fiber for the healthy development of the fetus.

• Folic acid: This is one of the most important supplements during the first trimester. It reduces the risk of neural tube defects in the fetus.

• Giving up bad habits: Smoking and drinking alcohol can seriously harm a child's development. It is important to follow a healthy lifestyle.

Source: freepik

Psycho-emotional state

The first trimester can be a time of anxiety and worry for a woman. It is important to have support from your partner, family and friends. Stress and anxiety can negatively affect your overall health, so it is important to create a comfortable environment for yourself.

The first trimester of pregnancy is a time of great change for a woman and her baby. From the early development of the fetus to the changes in the mother's body, this period requires special attention and care. Regular medical check-ups, proper nutrition, and support from loved ones help make this important stage of pregnancy as safe and comfortable as possible for both of you.